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1- The term ‘sovereign’ means-

(A) Free from external control
(B) Free from internal control.
(C) Free from territorial disputes
(D)Free from control by any international body.


2-The Preamble to the Indian Constitution declares India as

(A) a Federal, Democratic, Republic
(B) a Sovereign, Socialist, Secular, Democratic, Republic
(C) a Socialist, Democratic, Republic.
(D) a Sovereign, Democratic, Republic


3- What is the nature of the Constitution of India?

(A) Very rigid
(B) Flexible
(C) Partly rigid, partly flexible.
(D) Rigid


4- This among the following members were initially in the Constituent Assembly of India.

(A) 310
(B) 389
(C) 304.
(D) 300


5- The idea of a federation of states was first proposed in whose report?

(A) Sarat Bose.
(B) Rajagopalachari
(C) Shyamaprasad Mukherjee
(D) Motilal Nehru


6- Who was the President of the Constituent Assembly of 1946?

(A) Jawaharlal Nehru.
(B) Dr. Rajendra Prasad
(C) Abul Kalam Azad
(D) Vallabhai Patel


7- On which date and year, the Constitution of Independent India was put in practice?

(A) 15th August 1947
(B) 26th November 1949.
(C) 26th January 1950
(D) 26th January 1951


8- He was the Chairperson of the Drafting Committee set up by the Constituent Assembly.

(A) Dr. Rajendra Prasad.
(B) Jawaharlal Nehru
(C) Vallab Bhai Patel
(D) Dr. B. R. Ambedkar


9- This among the following was the biggest source for the Constitution of India.

(A) The Government of India Act, 1919
(B) The government of India Act, 1935.
(C) The Indian Independence Act, 1947
(D) Indian Councils Act 1909


10- In which among the following the concept of the welfare state is included in the Constitution of India?

(A) Preamble.
(B) Fundamental Rights.
(C) Fourth Schedule.
(D) Directive Principles of State Policy.


11-Equal pay for equal work for both men and women comes under-

(A) Statutory Provision in Labour Law.
(B) Directive Principle of State Policy.
(C) Fundamental Right.
(D) None of the above.


12- In which among the following, the Fundamental Duties have been included in the Indian Constitution?

(A) 42nd Amendment.
(B) Ninth Schedule.
(C) The chapter on Directive Principles of State Policy.
(D) The chapter on Fundamental Rights.


13- This Article of the Constitution of India guarantees to all citizens the freedom of speech and expression.

(A) Article 16.
(B) Article 17
(C) Article 18
(D) .Article 19.


14- This part of the Constitution directs the State to establish a Panchayati Raj institution in the country.

(A) The Preamble.
(B) The Fundamental Rights.
(C) The Directive Principles of State Policy.
(D) None of the above.


15- The total strength of the Rajya Sabha cannot exceed

(A) 150 members
(B) 250 members
(C) 350 members
(D) 310 members


ANSWERS

1-Free from external control.

2- a Sovereign, Socialist, Secular, Democratic, Republic.

3- Partly rigid, partly flexible.

4- 389.

5- Motilal Nehru.

6- Dr. Rajendra Prasad.

7- 26th January 1950.

8- Dr. B. R. Ambedkar.

9-The government of India Act, 1935.

10- Directive Principles of State Policy.

11- Directive Principle of State Policy.

12-42nd Amendment.

13-Article 19.

14- The Directive Principles of State Policy.

15- 250 members.


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Polity One-Liners for various competitive examination

 

 

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1- Directive Principles are meant for-

1- Economic Equality.
2- Social Justice.
3- The Supremacy of law.
4- Political Equality


2- As a part of Land Reforms-

1- Zamindari system was abolished.
2- Ryotwari system was abolished.
3-Ryots were not given ownership of the land.
4- Taxes on agricultural products were reduced.


3-Untouchability was abolished to ensure-

1- Social Justice.
2- Economic Justice.
3-Rule of law.
4-Political Justice.


4- Union Territories are directly administered by-

1-The Home Secretary.
2- The Governor of that State.
3-The Lieutenant General of that State.
4- The Central Government.


5- In India’s population, Muslims constitute –

1- 19 %.
2- 9 %.
3- 12 %
4- 31 %


6-In democracy the elected representatives are responsible to –

1-The People.
2- The President.
3- The Parliament.
4- The Press.


7- The three important ideals for which India stands for are-

1- Socialism, Equality and Liberty.
2- Social Justice, Liberty and Democracy.
3- Democracy, Secularism and Social Justice.
4- Liberty, Democracy and Fraternity.


8- After Independence, States were recognized on the basis of –

1- Languages.
2- Religions.
3- Castes.
4-Their extent.


9-Federalism means-

1- The existence of union territories.
2-The existence of state governments and central government.
3- The Union of states.
4- The existence of Central governments only.


10-The Muslim rulers called India-

1- Hindustan.
2- Aryan Country.
3- Bharata Varsha.
4- Bharat Mata.


11- The need of the day is-

1- To curb casteism.
2-To increase Industrial production.
3- National Integration.
4- To impart adult education.


12- One person one vote is related to-

1- Rule of law.
2-Political Equality.
3- Economic Equality.
4- Social Justice.


13-India’s name derived from the river-

1- Ganga.
2- Indus.
3-Brahmaputra.
4- Godavari.


14- Secular State is-

1- Anti-Religious State.
2- An Irreligious state.
3- A Pro-Religious State.
4- A Neutral State in Religious matters.


15-United India was partitioned into India and Pakistan on the basis of-

1- Religion.
2- Culture.
3- Population.
4-Traditions.


ANS-

1-Social Justice.
2-Zamindari system was abolished.
3-Social Justice.
4-The Central Government.

5-12 %
6-The People.
7-Democracy, Secularism, and Social Justice.
8-Languages.
9-The existence of state governments and central government.
10-Hindustan.
11-National Integration.
12-Political Equality.
13-Indus.
14-A Neutral State in Religious matters.
15- Religion.


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1- From which fund is the pension of a High Court Judge charged?


2-In which year did the Right to Information Act come into force?


3-The inspiration of ‘Liberty, Equality and Fraternity’ was derived from which revolution?


4- Which commission was formed in 1983 to recommend the relationship and balance of power between state and central governments?


5-The idea of a Constituent Assembly to form a Constitution of India was first mooted by whom?


6- Which case determined that the Preamble is a part of the constitution?


7-Who has been the only Lok Sabha Speaker to have become the President of India?


8-When Constitution was framed, how many Schedules were there?


9-Who is the longest-serving speaker of Lok Sabha?


10-The only instance when the President of India exercised his power of veto?


11-What can be the maximum interval between two sessions of parliament?


12- To whom does the Public Accounts Committee submit its report?


13-How long a person should have practiced in a High Court to be eligible to be appointed as a Judge of Supreme Court of India?


14-Till now, the Preamble of Constitution of India has been amended for how many times?


15-In which year were the first general election held in India?


16-Which were the first two states in India to establish Panchayati Raj in 1956?


17-Who is known as the first Law Officer of India?


18-Which provision of the Fundamental Rights directly relates to the exploitation of children?


19-Which part of the Constitution of India talks about the Municipalities?


20-Who said Preamble is the keynote to the Constitution?


ANS-

1-Consolidated Fund of India
2-2005
3-French Revolution
4- Sarkaria Committee
5-M.N. Roy in 1927
6-Keshvananda Bharti case
7-Neelam Sanjeeva Reddy
8-Eight
9- Balram Jhakar
10-Indian Post Office (Amendment Bill),1986
11-6 months
12-Speaker of Lok Sabha
13-10 years.
14-Once
15-1951-52
16-Rajasthan & Andhra Pradesh
17-Attorney General of India
18-A 24
19-Part IX (A)
20-Ernest Barker



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Polity One-Liners for various competitive examination

 

 

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The Parliament

1- The Parliament consists of the President and two houses the Lok Sabha (house of people) and Rajya Sabha(Council of states).


2-The Parliament is the Union Legislature of India.


3-Article 79 to 123 in Part-V deals with the provisions of the Parliament.


Lok Sabha

1–Lower House of the Parliament is called Lok Sabha and it is also known as the first Chamber.


2- Members of Lok Sabha are directly elected by the people.


3- Total membership is fixed at 552 by the Constitution. Their distribution among the States and Union Territories are as follows-

* 530 representatives from the states. 

* 20 members from the Union Territories.

*  2 Anglo Indian members nominated by the President if such community has not been adequately represented

* Term of Lok Sabha is normally 5 years but it can be dissolved earlier by the President.

* Its term can be extended beyond 5 years by the Parliament. This can be done during the proclamation of emergency (Under Art 352).

 

* The Speaker presides over the Lok Sabha.

 

* Speaker and Deputy Speaker are elected by the members of Lok Sabha

 

* The Speaker continues in his office even if Lok Sabha is dissolved.

 

* He/she holds the office till the new Lok Sabha meets

 

* Deputy Speaker performs the duties of the speaker if the office of the speaker falls vacant.

 

* If the office of the Deputy Speaker is also vacant, duties of the Speaker shall be performed by a member of the house appointed by the President.

 

* If the Speaker wants to resign, the letter of resignation should be addressed to the Deputy Speaker and vice-versa.

 

* Up to the 10th Lok Sabha, both the Speaker and Deputy Speaker were usually from ruling party

 

4-Constitution 61st Amendment Act (1987) has reduced the age of voting from 21 to 18 years.


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1-The Backward Class Commission was appointed in 1953 with Kaka Kalelkar as the Chairman.


2-Legislative Councils in States covered in article 169.


3-Article 51A Specifies Fundamental Duties.


4-Article 81 specifies the number of seats for the Lok Sabha.


5-Article 80 Specifies the number of seats for the Rajya Sabha.


6-The Inter-State Council was established in 1990 in pursuance of the recommendation made by the Sarkaria Commission (1983-87).


7-Repatriation: It is the sending back of someone to his country of origin such as an illegal immigrant or a prisoner of war.


8-The 81st Constitutional Amendment Act 2000 protect SC / ST reservation in the filling backlog of vacancies.


9-The 37th constitutional Amendment Act (1975): Formation of Arunachal Pradesh legislative assembly.


10-The 36th constitutional Amendment Act (1975): Formation of Sikkim as a State within the Indian Union.


11-The states of Manipur, Tripura, and Meghalaya were formed in the year 1972.


12-Adjournment Sine die means termination of a sitting of the House without any definite date being fixed for the next sitting.


13-Adjournment of the sitting of the House means termination of the sitting of the House which meets again at the time appointed for the next sitting.


14-Highest Law officer of India is Attorney General and Highest Law officer of a State in India is Advocate General.


15-Article 164 says The Council of Ministers shall be collectively responsible to the Legislative Assembly of the State.


16Pro-tem speaker is mainly an operating and temporary speaker.

Pro-tem speaker is chosen with the agreement of the members of the Lok Sabha and legislative assembly so that he can carry on the activities till the permanent speaker is not chosen.


17-The idea of Republic and the ideals of liberty, equality, and fraternity as laid down in the preamble to the constitution of India have been borrowed from the French constitution.


18-Part III of the Constitution contains Fundamental Rights (Article 12 to 35).


19-Sardar Swaran Singh Committee is formed in 1976bto make recommendations about fundamental duties, the need, and necessity of which was felt during the operation of the internal emergency (1975-1977).


20-The law which aims at protecting the monuments, places and objects of national importance is the Ancient and Historical Monument and Archaeological Sites and Remains Act (1951).


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1-What kind of session does the Parliament hold?
Ans- Budget session, Monsoon session, and Winter session


2- In the Indian National Flag, what does Ashoka’s wheel represent?
Ans-Wheel of the Law


3- British Parliament enacted which laws for the first time the British Government to govern in India?
Ans- Govt. of India Act 1858


4-Constitutional Institution Election Commission conducts elections of Parliament and State Legislatures and to the offices of President and Vice-President.


5-Election Commission decides allotment of symbols to Political Parties.


6- Montagu-Chelmsford report is associated with which the Govt of India Act?
Ans-Govt. of India Act 1919.


7-Who has ample powers under Article 324(1) to make appropriate orders as to the conduct of Elections?
Ans-Election Commission.


8-Who was the Chairman of the Drafting Committee of the Constituent Assembly?
Ans-Dr. B. R. Ambedkar.


9- Writ of Mandamus is issued by a High Court or the Supreme Court to compel an authority to perform a function that it was not performing.


10-Through 44th Amendment Act in article 359, it has been laid down that Fundamental Rights under articles 20 and 21 are enforceable during the operation of emergency.


11-Parliament has the constitutional power not to approve President Rule in the state under Article 356.


12-The Constitution of India, was drafted and enacted in which language?
Ans-English.


13-National Commission for SC and ST shall be made by which constitutional institution?
Ans- Parliament.


14-On what basis, Election to Lok Sabha and State Legislature shall be conducted?
Ans-Adult Suffrage


15- 45th Amendment Act 1980 fixes 40 years for reservation of seats for SC and ST in Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assembly.


16-Which Constitutional Article lays down the reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in the Lok Sabha?
Ans- Article 330


17-The first woman judge to be appointed to Supreme Court was M. Fathima Beevi.


18-Right to constitutional remedies was described by Dr. Ambedkar as the Heart and Soul of the Constitution.


19- A Money Bill passed by the Lok Sabha is deemed to have been passed by the Rajya Sabha also when no action is taken by the Upper House within 14 days.


20- President appoints each member of either of the Houses of the Parliament after notification is received from the Election Commission.


21-After how many years, one-third of the members of the Rajya Sabha retire?
Ans- 2 years.


22-The Government of India Act, 1935 exercised the most profound influence in framing the Indian Constitution.


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The government of India Act of 1935

1- The Act has divided the powers between the Centre and the units into items of three lists, namely the Federal List, the Provincial List and the Concurrent List.
2-The Federal List for the Centre consisted of 59 items, the Provincial List for the provinces consisted of 54 items and the Concurrent List for both consisted of 36 items.
3- The act provided for the establishment of Federal Court and it abolished the Council of India.
4- The establishment of an All-India Federation consisting of the Provinces and the Princely States as units, have been provided by the act.
5-The Act provided for the adoption of Dyarchy at the Centre abolished the Dyarchy in the Provinces and also introduced ‘Provincial Autonomy’.
6- The act has introduced bicameralism in 6 out of 11 Provinces. The names of the six Provinces were Assam, Bengal, Bombay, Bihar, Madras and the United Province.


The government of India Act of 1919

1-This Act is otherwise known as the Montague-Chelmsford Reforms and it provided for the establishment of Public Service Commission.
2-The Act introduced, for the first time, bicameralism at center.


Indian Councils Act of 1909

1-This Act is also known as the Morley- Minto Reforms.

2- The act introduced a system of communal representation for Muslims by accepting the concept of ‘separate electorate’.
3- The act changed the name of the Central Legislative Council to the Imperial Legislative Council.


The government of India Act of 1858

1- It abolished Board of Control and Court of Directors.
2-The rule of Company was replaced by the rule of the Crown in India.
3-The Governor-General was made the Viceroy of India.Lord Canning was the first Viceroy of India.


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Lal Bahadur Shastri- Some Important Facts

1- Lal Bahadur Shastri was the third Prime Minister of independent India.


2-Lal Bahadur Shastri has idolized Bal Gangadhar Tilak, the Indian nationalist, social reformer and freedom fighter.


3-Upon completion of his course at Kashi Vidyapeeth in 1926, Lal Bahadur Shastri was given the title Shastri (Scholar).


4- Lal Bahadur Shastri was the first person to be awarded the Bharat Ratna after his death, and a memorial ‘Vijay Ghat’ was built for him in Delhi.


5- As the Transport Minister, Lal Bahadur Shastri was the first one to appoint women conductors in UP.


6-In 1951, he was made the General Secretary of the All-India Congress Committee, with Jawaharlal Nehru as the President.


7-In 1951, Nehru nominated Lal Bahadur Shastri to the Rajya Sabha. From 1951 to 1956 Shastri served as the Minister of Railways and Transport in the Central Cabinet.


8- In 1957, Shastri returned to the Cabinet, first as the Minister for Transport and Communications, and then as the Minister of Commerce and Industry.


9-Shastri was made the Prime Minister after Jawaharlal Nehru died in office on May 27, 1964.


10-During the 22 day war with Pakistan, Shastri created the slogan of ‘Jai Jawan, Jai Kisan’ (Hail the soldier, Hail the farmer).


11- He is the only Indian Prime Minister to have died in the office outside the country.


I.K. Gujral- Inder Kumar Gujral- 12th Prime Minister- Some Important Facts

1-I.K. Gujral was the Minister of External Affairs in the V.P.Singh cabinet before assuming the office of the Prime Minister of India.


2- He was jailed in 1942 during ‘Quit India Movement’.


3- At the young age of eleven, he himself actively participated in the freedom struggle in 1931 and was arrested.


4-I.K. Gujral held the following Ministerial positions from 1967-1976-
a-Minister of Communications & Parliamentary Affairs;
b-Minister of Information & Broadcasting and Communications;
c-Minister of Works & Housing;
d-Minister of Information & Broadcasting
e-Minister of Planning.


5-Gujral became the 12th Prime Minister of India. He was in the office for over 11 months, including 3 months as caretaker Prime Minister.


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1-The President of India is the head of state of the Republic of India.


2-Part V of the Constitution (The Union) under Chapter I (The Executive) lists out the qualification, election and impeachment of the President of India.


3-The President is the formal head of the executive, legislature and judiciary of India and is also the commander-in-chief of the Indian Armed Forces.


4- When a President is to be impeached for violation of the Constitution, the charge shall be preferred by either House of Parliament.


5-Under The Presidential and Vice-Presidential Elections Act, 1952, a candidate, to be nominated for the office of president of India needs 50 electors as proposers and 50 electors as seconders for his or her name to appear on a ballot.


6-The executive power of the State shall be vested in the Governor and shall be exercised by him either directly or through officers subordinate to him in accordance with this Constitution.


7-The Governor of a State shall be appointed by the President by warrant under his hand and seal.


8-Though the Governor has the power to pardon, he cannot pardon a death sentence.


9-The Vice-President shall be ex-officio Chairman of the Council of States and shall not hold any other office of profit.


10- The Vice-President of India is the second highest constitutional office in the country.


11-The Chief Minister shall be appointed by the Governor and the other Ministers shall be appointed by the Governor on the advice of the Chief Minister, and the Ministers shall hold office during the pleasure of the Governor.


12-The Council of Ministers shall be collectively responsible to the Legislative Assembly of the State.


13-The minimum strength of council of ministers in a state as per Constitution is 12 and maximum is 15 percent of Legislative Assembly.


14-Chapter IV under Part V of the constitution (Union) deals with The Union Judiciary.


15- The constitution and jurisdiction of Supreme Court is stated in detail from articles 124-147.


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1-The legal advisor to the State Government is Advocate – General.


2-Gulzari Lal Nanda was the first Deputy Chairman of Planning Commission.


3-Calcutta High Court is the Oldest High Court in India.


4-Chonira Belliappa Muthamma was India’s first Women Ambassador.


5-13th May 1952- The first session of the Lok Sabha.


6-The only person who defeated Indira Gandhi in Lok Sabha election, 1977 is Raj Narain.


7-Chief Justice of India acts as the President in the absence of President and the Vice President.


8-First General Election was in the year 1951 in India.


9-The first state to adopt the panchayat raj in India is Rajasthan.


10-Guwahati High Court has the largest jurisdiction in terms of States.


11-Sachchidananda Sinha presided over the first meeting of the Indian Constituent Assembly.


12-Lok Sabha is the House of the People.


13-The design of the national flag was adopted by the constituent assembly of India in July 1947.


14-Harilal J Kania is the first Chief Justice of India.


15-Electronic Voting Machine first used in Kerala, 1982.


16-Planning Commission prepares the Draft outline of Five year Plans.


17-The oath of office is administered to the members of the state council of ministers by the governor.


18- The first female Speaker of Lok Sabha is Meira Kumar.


19-Maximum gap between 2 sessions of Parliament is 6 months.


20-Under Government of India Act, 1892, The councils were having the power to discuss the budget and addressing questions to the executive.


21-England is the source for the Parliamentary system.


22-Speaker of the Lok Sabha certifies a bill to be a Money bill in India.


23-Article 32 of Indian Constitution gives the power of Writ jurisdiction to Supreme court.


24-Second largest judicial complex in the World is Madras High Court.



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